Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) Utilization In Social Science Education: Guidelines for Developing a Reference Primer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55687/ste.v5i4.315Abstract
This descriptive-correlational research explored the effects of the utilization of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in social science education as a basis for the development of guidelines for a reference primer for social science educators. It aimed to present the respondent’s profile in terms of age, sex, year/level taught, and used AI tools; determine the contribution of GAI to lesson planning, teaching, and learning assessment; and identify the significant differences in the use of GAI grouped according to profiles. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational design, which answered by 30 social science educators. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, and F-test. The results showed that most of the respondents were aged 21-30 years with 6-10 years of teaching experience. The tools used were common and facilitated content creation, presentation, and assessment tasks. The results showed that GAI significantly improved the efficiency of lesson preparation, student engagement during teaching, and timely and diverse assessment approaches. Significant differences in the use of GAI were found across the selected demographic and professional variables. The study concludes that GAI has a positive impact on teaching effectiveness when provided with systematic support like the recommendation to develop a GAI reference primer like Panangipablaak SocsAI, as well as ensuring continuous teacher training in the effective integration of AI in teaching.
References
Acquah, B. Y. S., Arthur, F., Salifu, I., Quayson, E., & Nortey, S. A. (2024). Preservice teachers’ behavioural intention to use artificial intelligence in lesson planning: A dual-staged PLS-SEM-ANN approach. Computers and Education Artificial Intelligence, 7, 100307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100307
Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, V. I., & Händel, M. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in higher education: Mapping the first global online semester. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(44), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00282-x
Braiki, B. A., Harous, S., Zaki, N., & Alnajjar, F. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education and assessment methods. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 9(5), 1998–2007. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i5.1984
Cukurova, M., Miao, X., & Brooker, R. (2023). Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Schools: Unveiling Factors Influencing Teachers Engagement. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.00903. https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.00903
Darajati, M. R., Reswari, R. A., & Yenny, O. (2023). The adaptation of artificial intelligence (AI) in social science education: opportunities and threats. https://doi.org/10.33369/jbengkoelenjust.v13i2.30001
Fabro, R. B., Rivera, J., Sambrano, L., Alcozer, N., Agustin, M., & Dinoy, L. J. (2024). Perceptions and extent of utilization of generative artificial intelligence (AI) among Filipino students. International Journal of Education and Research, 12(7), 97–110. https://ijern.com/journal/2024/July-2024/09.pdf
Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence in education: Promises and implications for teaching and learning. Center for Curriculum Redesign.
Holmes, W., & Tuomi, I. (2022). State of the art and practice in AI in education. European Journal of Education, 57(4), 542–570. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12533
Iddrisu, H. M., Iddrisu, S. A., & Aminu, B. (2025). Gender differences in the adoption, usage, and perceived effectiveness of AI writing tools. International Journal of Educational Innovation and Research, 4(1), 110–111. https://doi.org/10.31949/ijeir.v4i1.11717
Ifenthaler, D., & Yau, J. Y. (2018). Utilising learning analytics for study success in higher education. ASCILITE Publications, 406–411. https://doi.org/10.14742/apubs.2018.1958
Liu, Y., Zhang, H., & Chen, Y. (2021). Teacher readiness for artificial intelligence in education: Perspectives and practices.
Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100023
Merelo, J. J., Merelo-Molina, C., García-Sánchez, F., & Gómez-Mascaraque, J. (2022). Messaging and Chatbots in
Education: Analysis of the perception of university teachers.. https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.10289
Park, W., & Kwon, H. (2023b). Implementing artificial intelligence education for middle school technology education
in Republic of Korea. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 34(1), 109–135.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-023-09812-2
Pettersson, J., Hult, E., Eriksson, T., & Adewumi, O. (2024). Generative AI and teachers - for us or against us? A case
study. Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings, 208, 37–43. https://doi.org/10.3384/ecp208005
Sanusi, I.T., Ayanwale, M.A. & Chiu, T.K.F. Investigating the moderating effects of social good and confidence on teachers'
intention to prepare school students for artificial intelligence education. Educ Inf Technol 29, 273–295 (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12250-1
Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education. Polity Press.
Should robots replace teachers? AI and the Future of Education - Monash University
Zhai, X. (2023). ChatGPT for next generation science learning. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 32(1)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Studies in Technology and Education

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
License Terms
All articles published in Studies in Technology and Education (STE) are freely accessible under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This license grants users the right to read, download, copy, distribute, and link to the full texts for non-commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given and that the original work remains unaltered and unchanged.
This article is made available in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.