Design, Fabrication and Efficacy Testing of the Automated Hybrid-Solar Powered Hydroponic System

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The increasing demand for sustainable and climate-resilient food production systems necessitates the development of efficient soilless cultivation technologies. This study focused on the design, fabrication, and efficacy testing of an automated hybrid solar-powered hydroponic system intended for leafy vegetable production. The system was developed to address limitations of conventional hydroponics, particularly high energy consumption and dependence on unstable power supply, by integrating solar energy with grid or backup electrical support and automated environmental controls.The system was evaluated using lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and pechay (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) under controlled hydroponic conditions. Key parameters monitored included nutrient solution electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, humidity, and lighting conditions, with automated regulation of cooling fans, exhaust systems, and misting based on preset thresholds. Growth performance was assessed in terms of plant height, leaf development, and overall yield. Results indicated that the automated hybrid system maintained stable environmental conditions suitable for optimal plant growth, with improved consistency in nutrient delivery and microclimate control. Plants grown under the system exhibited satisfactory growth performance and uniformity, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating solar energy and automation in hydroponic production. The system also reduced reliance on conventional electricity, contributing to lower operational costs and improved sustainability. In conclusion, the developed hybrid solar-powered hydroponic system provides a viable and energy-efficient alternative for leafy vegetable production in resource-limited and off-grid agricultural settings. The technology offers potential for wider adoption in similar climatic regions to enhance local food security and promote sustainable agriculture.